Geographic History

World map in 1520

362 states share the map in 1520. The largest by mapped area are Ming, Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia.

Ming is the largest state on the map in 1520, a position it has held since 1395 (before that: Golden Horde). It stays in first place until 1534, when Spanish Empire takes over. The five largest states hold 20% of all land with a recorded ruler. 55% of the land on the map has no recorded state. The number of states is about the same as in 1517: 362 against 363.

Historical map of the world in 1520 showing the borders of states and empires
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The world in 1520, colored by ruling state. Grey land has no state recorded in the dataset.

Largest states in 1520

StateMapped areaProvinces
Ming3.8 million km²103
Ottoman Empire2.3 million km²95
Safavid Persia2.2 million km²56
Russia2.1 million km²41
Songhai1.8 million km²26
Kazakh Khanate1.7 million km²20
Sibir1.6 million km²14
Mongolia1.6 million km²12
Oirat Horde1.4 million km²10
Spanish Empire1.1 million km²73

What changed since 1517

  • 52 provinces changed hands between 1517 and 1520.
  • Ottoman Empire gained about 690 thousand km², mostly from Mamluk Sultanate and The Hedjaz.
  • Songhai gained about 500 thousand km², mostly from Timbuktu.
  • Oirat Horde gained about 190 thousand km², mostly from Chagatai Khanate.
  • Algiers gained about 89 thousand km², mostly from Kingdom of Tlemcen.
  • New on the map: Rassids and Hadoti.
  • No longer on the map: Timbuktu, Gwalior and Wurttemberg.

Battles, 1520 - 1525

  • 1520Otumba
    Spanish Conquest of Mexico - won by Spain
  • 1520Raichur
    War of the Deccan Sultanates - won by Vijayanagar
  • 1520Tenochtitlan
    Spanish Conquest of Mexico - won by Aztec Empire
  • 1521Tenochtitlan
    Spanish Conquest of Mexico - won by Spain
  • 1522Rhodes
    Turkish Imperial Wars - won by Ottoman Empire
  • 1522Bicocca
    Habsburg-Valois War - won by Spain
  • 1524Pavia
    1st Habsburg Valois War - won by Habsburg Empire
  • 1524Ututlan
    Spanish Conquest of Guatemala - won by Spain, Cakchiquel Indians
  • 1525Kempten
    German Peasants War - won by German aristocrats
  • 1525Zabern
    German Peasants' War - won by Duke Antoine of Lorraine
  • 1525Frankenhausen
    German Peasants War - won by Saxony, Hesse
  • 1525Konigshofen
    German Peasants' War - won by Georg Truchsess von Waldburg

Empire maps for this period

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