Geographic History

World map in 1405

418 states share the map in 1405. The largest by mapped area are Ming, Timurid Empire and Golden Horde.

Ming is the largest state on the map in 1405, a position it has held since 1395 (before that: Golden Horde). It stays in first place until 1534, when Spanish Empire takes over. The five largest states hold 21% of all land with a recorded ruler. 55% of the land on the map has no recorded state. The number of states is about the same as in 1400: 418 against 409.

Historical map of the world in 1405 showing the borders of states and empires
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The world in 1405, colored by ruling state. Grey land has no state recorded in the dataset.

Largest states in 1405

StateMapped areaProvinces
Ming4.2 million km²107
Timurid Empire2.8 million km²60
Golden Horde2.3 million km²46
Kazakh Khanate1.9 million km²21
Oirat Horde1.7 million km²11
Mamluk Sultanate1.1 million km²38
Kingdom of Kongo1 million km²9
Mongolia980 thousand km²7
Yeren960 thousand km²10
Chagatai Khanate910 thousand km²12

What changed since 1400

  • 32 provinces changed hands between 1400 and 1405.
  • Aq Qoyunlu gained about 230 thousand km², mostly from Timurid Empire and Jalayirid.
  • Ming gained about 180 thousand km², mostly from Oirat Horde and Hsenwi.
  • Qara Koyunlu gained about 140 thousand km², mostly from Timurid Empire.
  • Malwa gained about 110 thousand km², mostly from Delhi.
  • New on the map: Aq Qoyunlu, Malwa, Teke, Dahomey and Hamid.

Battles, 1405 - 1452

  • 1409Kerulen
    Ming Imperial Wars - won by Mongols
  • 1410Onon
    Ming Imperial Wars - won by China
  • 1410Tannenberg
    Later Wars of the Teutonic Knights - won by Poland, Lithuania
  • 1415Agincourt
    Hundred Years War - won by England
  • 1415Ceuta
    Portuguese Colonial Wars in North Africa - won by Portugal
  • 1420Vitkov Hill
    Hussite Wars - won by Hussites
  • 1422Constantinople
    Byzantine-Ottoman Wars - won by Byzantium
  • 1422Nemecky Brod
    Hussite Wars - won by Hussites
  • 1427Chi Lang Pass
    Sino-Vietnamese War - won by Vietnam
  • 1436Paris
    9th French War of Religion - won by Spain, French Catholics
  • 1444Varna
    Turkish-Hungarian Wars - won by Ottoman Empire
  • 1449Tumu
    Ming Imperial Wars - won by Oirat Mongols

Empire maps for this period

More world maps

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