Geographic History

World map in AD 700

226 states share the map in AD 700. The largest by mapped area are Umayyad Caliphate, Tang dynasty and Gokturks.

Umayyad Caliphate is the largest state on the map in AD 700, a position it has held since AD 662 (before that: Rashidun Caliphate). It stays in first place until AD 751, when Abbasid Caliphate takes over. The five largest states hold 42% of all land with a recorded ruler. 66% of the land on the map has no recorded state. The number of states is about the same as in AD 622: 226 against 230.

Historical map of the world in AD 700 showing the borders of states and empires
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The world in AD 700, colored by ruling state. Grey land has no state recorded in the dataset.

Largest states in AD 700

StateMapped areaProvinces
Umayyad Caliphate6.7 million km²161
Tang dynasty4.7 million km²115
Gokturks4.1 million km²30
Tibetan Empire1.8 million km²16
Kangar1.8 million km²22
Byzantine Empire1.1 million km²64
Ghana Empire850 thousand km²10
First Bulgarian Empire710 thousand km²25
Kingdom of the Franks640 thousand km²79
Visigoths620 thousand km²39

What changed since AD 622

  • On the map, Umayyad Caliphate takes the place of Sasanian Empire (about 2.9 million km²).
  • On the map, Ghana Empire takes the place of Ghana (about 850 thousand km²).
  • On the map, Umayyad Caliphate takes the place of Yemen (about 380 thousand km²).
  • Apart from that, 329 provinces changed hands between AD 622 and AD 700.
  • Kangar gained about 1.8 million km², mostly from Western Gokturks and land with no recorded state.
  • Umayyad Caliphate gained about 1.7 million km², mostly from Byzantine Empire and Beja.
  • Tibetan Empire gained about 1 million km², mostly from Zhangzhung and Tuyuhun.
  • Tang dynasty gained about 820 thousand km², mostly from Xiyu and Gokturks.
  • New on the map: Kangar, Balhae, Turgesh, Volga Bulgaria and Oghuz.
  • No longer on the map: Western Gokturks, Harsha, Zhangzhung, Tuyuhun and Dvaravati.

Battles, AD 700 - AD 731

  • AD 701Dayr al-Jamajim
    Muslim Civil Wars - won by Umayyad Caliphate
  • AD 701Maskin
    Muslim Civil Wars - won by Umayyad Caliphate
  • AD 708Anchialus
    Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars - won by Bulgar Khanate
  • AD 711Guadalete
    Muslim Conquest of Spain - won by Umayyad Caliphate
  • AD 711Ecija
    Muslim Conquest of Spain - won by Umayyad Caliphate
  • AD 712Raor
    Muslim Conquest of Sindh - won by Umayyad Caliphate
  • AD 713Merida
    Muslim Conquest of Spain - won by Umayyad Caliphate
  • AD 713Segoyuela
    Muslim Conquest of Spain - won by Umayyad Caliphate
  • AD 715Wodnesbeorg
    Anglo-Saxon Territorial War - won by Mercia
  • AD 716Ambleve
    Rise of Charles Martel - won by Franks
  • AD 717Constantinople
    Early Byzantine-Muslim Wars - won by Byzantium, Bulgaria
  • AD 717Vincy
    Rise of Charles Martel - won by Austrasia

Empire maps for this period

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