Geographic History

World map in AD 622

230 states share the map in AD 622. The largest by mapped area are Gokturks, Tang dynasty and Sasanian Empire.

Gokturks is the largest state on the map in AD 622, a position it has held since AD 548 (before that: Rouran). It stays in first place until AD 641, when Tang dynasty takes over. The five largest states hold 38% of all land with a recorded ruler. 67% of the land on the map has no recorded state. The number of states is about the same as in AD 600: 230 against 226.

Historical map of the world in AD 622 showing the borders of states and empires
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The world in AD 622, colored by ruling state. Grey land has no state recorded in the dataset.

Largest states in AD 622

StateMapped areaProvinces
Gokturks4.3 million km²31
Tang dynasty3.9 million km²104
Sasanian Empire3.3 million km²81
Western Gokturks2.8 million km²41
Byzantine Empire2.7 million km²136
Ghana1 million km²12
Avars890 thousand km²41
Tibetan Empire790 thousand km²9
Harsha770 thousand km²29
Kingdom of the Franks660 thousand km²79

What changed since AD 600

  • On the map, Tang dynasty takes the place of Sui Dynasty (about 3.7 million km²).
  • On the map, Tibetan Empire takes the place of Tibet (about 440 thousand km²).
  • On the map, Tibetan Empire takes the place of Kham (about 310 thousand km²).
  • Apart from that, 108 provinces changed hands between AD 600 and AD 622.
  • Harsha gained about 570 thousand km², mostly from Gurjara-Pratihara and Gupta.
  • Heishui Mohe gained about 300 thousand km², mostly from land with no recorded state.
  • Alodia gained about 300 thousand km², mostly from land with no recorded state and Aksum.
  • Sasanian Empire gained about 210 thousand km², mostly from Lakhmids.
  • New on the map: Heishui Mohe, Alodia, Haasa, Brunei and Bukhara.
  • No longer on the map: Gupta, Lakhmids, Nazca, Kalabhras and Malwa.

Battles, AD 622 - AD 699

  • AD 626Constantinople
    Byzantine-Balkan Wars - won by Byzantium
  • AD 627Nineveh
    Byzantine-Persian Wars - won by Byzantium
  • AD 634Ajnadin
    Muslim Conquest of Syria - won by Rashidun Caliphate
  • AD 635Damascus
    Muslim Conquest of Syria - won by Rashidun Caliphate
  • AD 636Qadisiyya
    Muslim Conquest of Iraq - won by Rashidun Caliphate
  • AD 636Yarmuk
    Muslim Conquest of Syria - won by Rashidun Caliphate
  • AD 641Nehavend
    Muslim Conquest of Iran - won by Rashidun Caliphate
  • AD 645Ansi-song
    Sino-Korean War - won by Koguryo
  • AD 647Sufetula
    Muslim Conquest of North Africa - won by Rashidun Caliphate
  • AD 648Kucha
    Rise of the Tang Dynasty - won by Tang
  • AD 657Siffin
    Muslim Civil Wars
  • AD 660Sabi
    Sino-Korean Wars - won by Tang China, Silla

Empire maps for this period

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