Geographic History

World map in 44 BC

94 states share the map in 44 BC. The largest by mapped area are Han Dynasty, Roman Republic and Parthia.

Han Dynasty is the largest state on the map in 44 BC, a position it has held since 184 BC (before that: Maurya Empire). It is still the largest in 2000, the last year of the atlas. The five largest states hold 50% of all land with a recorded ruler. 84% of the land on the map has no recorded state. There are fewer states than in 100 BC: 94 against 136.

Historical map of the world in 44 BC showing the borders of states and empires
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The world in 44 BC, colored by ruling state. Grey land has no state recorded in the dataset.

Largest states in 44 BC

StateMapped areaProvinces
Han Dynasty3.8 million km²93
Roman Republic2.7 million km²179
Parthia1.7 million km²35
Xiongnu1.5 million km²17
Ptolemaic Kingdom900 thousand km²21
Bafour680 thousand km²27
Maurya Empire620 thousand km²22
Chin560 thousand km²36
Indo Scythians560 thousand km²17
Satavahana510 thousand km²19

What changed since 100 BC

  • On the map, Dacian Kingdom takes the place of Costoboci (about 150 thousand km²).
  • On the map, Dacian Kingdom takes the place of Carpi (about 74 thousand km²).
  • Apart from that, 132 provinces changed hands between 100 BC and 44 BC.
  • Roman Republic gained about 1.4 million km², mostly from Massylii and Seleucid Empire.
  • Gandhara gained about 340 thousand km², mostly from Indo Scythians.
  • Satavahana gained about 140 thousand km², mostly from Andhra.
  • Indo Scythians gained about 130 thousand km², mostly from Saurashtra.
  • New on the map: Gandhara and Andizetes.
  • No longer on the map: Massylii, Seleucid Empire, Andhra, Alexandria Eschate and Aquitani.

Battles, 44 BC - 28 BC

  • 44 BCMutina
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Octavian
  • 43 BCForum Gallorum
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Mark Anthony
  • 42 BCPhilippi, Macedonia (1st)
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Marc Antony, Octavian
  • 42 BCPhilippi, Macedonia (2nd)
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Marc Antony, Octavian
  • 41 BCPerusia
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Octavian
  • 38 BCCumae
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Pompey
  • 38 BCGindarus
    Roman-Parthian Wars - won by Rome
  • 36 BCNaulochus
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Octavian
  • 36 BCKangju
    Wars of the Former Han - won by Han China
  • 36 BCMylae
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Octavian
  • 36 BCPhraaspa
    Roman-Parthian Wars - won by Media, Parthia
  • 31 BCActium
    Wars of the Second Triumvirate - won by Octavian

Empire maps for this period

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