Geographic HistoryMap of the Mongol Empire
On the Geographic History map, the Mongol Empire appears from 1207 to 1271. It reaches its largest mapped extent in 1259: about 20 million km² across 354 provinces.
Temujin united the Mongol tribes and was proclaimed Genghis Khan in 1206, and he and his heirs built the largest contiguous land empire in history, from Korea to eastern Europe and from Siberia to the Persian Gulf. The Mongols held it together with a network of relay stations and kept the trade routes across Eurasia open. After a succession war in the 1260s it split into four khanates: the Yuan, the Golden Horde, the Ilkhanate and the Chagatai Khanate.
Mapped area over time
The Mongol Empire on the world maps
Largest other states in 1259
| State | Mapped area |
|---|---|
| Song dynasty | 2 million km² |
| Mamluk Sultanate | 1 million km² |
| Mali Empire | 960 thousand km² |
| Yeren | 960 thousand km² |
| Delhi | 950 thousand km² |
| Kanem Bornu | 940 thousand km² |
| Khmer | 650 thousand km² |
| Novgorod | 630 thousand km² |
About this map
Territory comes from the Chronas historical dataset used by the Geographic History app. Areas are approximate, computed from about 2,400 province shapes, and describe this map rather than official historical figures - border data for the ancient and medieval world is necessarily a reconstruction.
Every year has a map
Drag a timeline across 2,500 years in the free Geographic History app - every province, ruler and battle, also offline.
