# World map in 1540

Source page: https://geographichistory.app/map/1540/

337 states share the map in 1540. The largest by mapped area are Spanish Empire, Ming and Ottoman Empire.

Spanish Empire is the largest state on the map in 1540, a position it has held since 1534 (before that: Ming). It stays in first place until 1633, when Russia takes over. The five largest states hold 26% of all land with a recorded ruler. 52% of the land on the map has no recorded state. The number of states is about the same as in 1530: 337 against 349.

## Largest states in 1540

| State | Mapped area (km²) | Provinces |
|---|---|---|
| Spanish Empire | 5,126,000 | 179 |
| Ming | 3,805,000 | 103 |
| Ottoman Empire | 2,983,000 | 115 |
| Kazakh Khanate | 2,608,000 | 32 |
| Russia | 2,212,000 | 43 |
| Safavid Persia | 1,911,000 | 47 |
| Songhai | 1,847,000 | 26 |
| Sibir | 1,587,000 | 14 |
| Mongolia | 1,565,000 | 12 |
| Oirat Horde | 1,423,000 | 10 |

## Changes since 1530

145 provinces changed hands.
- Spanish Empire gained about 3.2 million km², mostly from unclaimed land and Muisca.
- Ottoman Empire gained about 560 thousand km², mostly from Safavid Persia and Aden.
- Denmark gained about 470 thousand km², mostly from Norway and Sweden.
- Adal gained about 240 thousand km², mostly from Ethiopia and Hadiya.

## Battles 1540 - 1549

- 1540: Kanauj (Mughal Conquest of Northern India), won by Suri Empire
- 1541: Algiers (Turkish Habsburg Wars), won by Ottoman Empire, Arabs
- 1542: Solway Moss (Anglo-Scottish Royal Wars), won by England
- 1543: Nice (Turkish Habsburg Wars), won by Ottoman Empire
- 1543: Wayna Daga (Adal-Ethiopian War), won by Ethiopia, Portugal
- 1544: Ceresole (4th Habsburg-Valois War), won by France, Switzerland
- 1544: Boulogne (French War), won by England
- 1545: Ancrum Moor (Anglo-Scottish Royal Wars), won by Scotland
- 1545: Kawagoe (Warring States Period in Japan), won by Hojo
- 1547: Muhlberg (War of the German Reformation), won by Habsburg Empire, Saxony
- 1547: Pinkie (Anglo-Scottish Royal Wars), won by England
- 1547: Drakenburg (Schmalkaldic War), won by Schmalkaldic League